Mafia Island, part of Tanzania’s stunning coastal archipelago, offers more than just pristine beaches and vibrant marine life. While diving and snorkeling are often the main attractions, there is a hidden treasure waiting to be discovered by nature lovers—the diverse birdlife of the Mafia Archipelago. For avid birdwatchers, or even those just beginning to appreciate the beauty of birds, Mafia Island provides a rich and rewarding experience.
At Kinasi Lodge, we are fortunate to be surrounded by this incredible diversity of bird species. The archipelago’s blend of coral islets, mangrove forests, coastal thickets, and cultivated fields create a perfect habitat for a wide array of birds, both migratory and resident. Here’s a glimpse of what bird enthusiasts can expect when visiting Mafia Island.
1. Coastal Birds and Waders
Chole Bay, located near Kinasi Lodge, is a vital feeding ground for many migratory shorebirds, also known as “waders.” From September to April, visitors can spot species such as the Whimbrel, Grey Plover, and the unique Crab Plover—a striking black-and-white bird that breeds in the Persian Gulf and spends its non-breeding season in East Africa.
These waders are not just passing through; many of them stay throughout the northern winter, busily foraging for food in the tidal pools exposed at low tide. Watching flocks of these birds rise into the air at high tide is a beautiful sight, as they head for the safety of nearby mangrove forests.
2. The Majestic Herons of Mafia
Herons are a common sight in Mafia, with species like the Green-backed Heron and the Dimorphic Heron being regular visitors. The latter, known for its varying coloration, can be seen either in white or grey morphs, often gathering in large numbers in the mangrove roosts near Chole Island. Another highlight is the Goliath Heron, the largest heron in the world, which can occasionally be spotted along the shores of Mafia.
3. Forest and Woodland Birds
Mafia Island’s remaining coastal forests and inland plantations provide sanctuary for a variety of birds, including the colorful Lilac-breasted Roller and the rare Livingstone’s Turaco. These forests are home to species such as the Black-throated Wattle-eye, Sombre Greenbul, and Paradise Flycatcher. Walks along forest trails reveal hidden treasures like the Eastern Bearded Scrub Robin or the secretive Red-capped Robin-Chat.
At dusk, Cattle Egrets and Dimorphic Herons can be seen flying to their roosts, and if you’re lucky, you may hear the haunting call of the Gabon Nightjar echoing through the mangroves.
4. Birdwatching Highlights for the Adventurous
For those willing to explore the harder-to-reach areas of Mafia, the island’s cliffs and coral islets are home to species like the Fish Eagle and the Osprey, both regularly spotted hunting along the shores. These coastal habitats also offer views of birds such as the Greater Flamingo, which occasionally graces the sandbars with its vibrant pink presence.
Conservation and the Future of Birdlife on Mafia Island
The future of Mafia Island’s bird population depends on the careful management and protection of its habitats. As the human population on the island grows, natural forests and mangroves face pressure from cultivation and resource extraction. At Kinasi Lodge, we encourage our guests to explore responsibly, and we’re proud to support efforts to conserve these delicate ecosystems.
By visiting Mafia Island and engaging in birdwatching, you’re not only immersing yourself in the natural beauty of the island but also contributing to the growing knowledge of its avifauna. Many of the records we have on Mafia’s birds come from visitors like you, who take the time to observe and share their findings.
Plan Your Birdwatching Adventure at Kinasi Lodge
Whether you’re a seasoned ornithologist or a curious traveler looking to discover a new passion, Mafia Island offers an unforgettable birdwatching experience. At Kinasi Lodge, we provide guided tours to the best birdwatching spots, from the mangrove-lined shores of Chole Bay to the inland forests where rare species hide.
Bring your binoculars, your curiosity, and prepare to be amazed by the birds of Mafia Island.
Check the full list of Birds of Mafia Island here (Birds of the Mafia Archipelago by Dudley B. Iles B.Sc )
